I'm the author of Software Architecture for Developers; a developer-friendly guide to software architecture, technical leadership and the balance with agility. I'm also the creator of the C4 software architecture model and the founder of Structurizr, a collection of tooling to help software teams visualise, document and explore their software architecture.
I speak at software development conferences, meetups and organisations around the world; delivering keynotes, presentations, training courses and workshops. In 2013, I won the IEEE Software sponsored SATURN 2013 "Architecture in Practice" Presentation Award for my presentation about the conflict between agile and architecture. Some of the slides from past talks are available to view online/download, and there are many videos of my talks available online, most of which can be found on YouTube.
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I run software architecture workshops at organisations across the globe, the content of which is based upon my Software Architecture for Developers books. These workshops, aimed at software developers and architects, are a guide to modern software architecture that's pragmatic rather than academic, and lightweight rather than "enterprisey". They are occasionally run publicly via training providers or conferences but most are private, on-site workshops held directly with organisations.
This book focusses on the visual communication and documentation of software architecture, based upon a collection of ideas and techniques that thousands of people across the world have found useful. The core of this is my C4 software architecture model and the software guidebook. You'll also find discussion about notation, the various uses for diagrams, the value of creating a model and tooling.
We wrote this guide for developers and solution architects who are new to Docker-based application development and to microservices-based architecture. This guide is for you if you want to learn how to architect, design, and implement proof-of-concept applications with Microsoft development technologies (with special focus on .NET) and with Docker containers.
Overall, Clean Architecture is a tough read and Uncle Bob left me with more questions than answers. I definitely wouldn't recommend this as your first book on software architecture (check out Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture by Martin Fowler instead).
The last refreshing new book about architecture that I've read was this one: Langlebige Software-Architekturen (long lasting software architectures). It has a completely different approach, it's much more practical and comes with scientific analyses of existing code bases. Unfortunately it's only available in German AFAIK.
Have any of you ever looked at the source code from his project Fitnesse? in his book he mentions it over and over. I have looked at it and what I see is a mess. He mentions "screaming architecture", but his code does not even come close. I found all components he menions, but none of the bear the names he mentions either.Use cases are Instructions, RequestBuilder factories are just string formatters to create urls, .... He also makes the mistake that many other developers do: let the controllers take care of calling the presenters.
That's probably true for the smallish (100 KLOC class) systems I've worked on. But the bigger the systems get and the longer they are going to live, the more important architecture becomes. For example, I wonder what the architecture of the F-35 software looks like (reportedly around 8 million lines of mostly C++). I'm guessing/hoping it has a lot more architecture than my 100 KLOC projects.
Surely software development is far-far from being science. Till this day it is more an art, unfortunately. Value/advantage of most concepts (TDD, Clean Architecture, SOLID, OOP etc) is not substantiated by any scientific research. For a scientist, the never-ending discussions about these concepts should stop after a single scientific paper, stating that "such a such groups of developers were given a task ... under such and such criteria, and it was found that those who followed concept X produced 20% more value for the same time and 67% of them said that they also felt more satisfaction as compared to those who didn't follow it." But there are practically no such papers. (I remember only one scientific paper on comparison Scala-vs-Java development speed, but it remains unknown for 99% of Scala and Java devs.)
Also, adding to that, software is a living beast. You may have optimized your architecture for today, but some other day, you have to admit, things have changed. The environment, the teams, the tools, the software...
Chapter 2 is my best : A Tale of Two Values. If you have to convince a non-techy-manager-feature-oriented-I-know-nothing-about-software-development to let you structure your code, that is doing architecture, that chapter could gives you bullets. Otherwise, you will craft a Monolith. Because, you won't get up a morning with the idea "Lets build a Monolith today". Those managers make you build one (and yes, we let them do). And it's also typical for a start-up, where you have to focus on features.
Khajenasiri et al. [10] performed a survey on the IoT solutions for smart energy control to benefit the smart city applications. They stated that at present IoT has been deployed in very few application areas to serve the technology and people. The scope of IoT is very wide and in near future IoT is able to capture almost all application areas. They mentioned that energy saving is one of the important part of the society and IoT can assist in developing a smart energy control system that will save both energy and money. They described an IoT architecture with respect to smart city concept. The authors also discussed that one of the challenging task in achieving this is the immaturity of IoT hardware and software. They suggested that these issues must be resolved to ensure a reliable, efficient and user friendly IoT system.
Li et al. [18] proposed a dynamic approach for data centric IoT applications with respect to cloud platforms. The need of an appropriate device, software configuration and infrastructure requires efficient solutions to support massive amount of IoT applications that are running on cloud platforms. IoT developers and researchers are actively engaged in developing solutions considering both massive platforms and heterogeneous nature of IoT objects and devices. Olivier et al. [19] explained the concept of software defined networking (SDN) based architecture that performs well even if a well-defined architecture is not available. They proposed that SDN based security architecture is more flexible and efficient for IoT.
Luk et al. [20] stated that the main task of a secure sensor network (SSN) is to provide data privacy, protection from replay attacks and authentication. They discussed two popular SSN services namely TinySec [21] and ZigBee [22]. They mentioned that although both the SSN services are efficient and reliable, however, ZigBee is comparatively provides higher security but consumes high energy whereas TinySec consumes low energy but not as highly secured as ZigBee. They proposed another architecture MiniSec to support high security and low energy consumption and demonstrated its performance for the Telos platform. Yan et al. [23] stated that trust management is an important issue in IoT. Trust management helps people to understand and trust IoT services and applications without worrying about uncertainty issues and risks [24]. They investigated different issues in trust management and discussed its importance with respect to IoT developers and users.
One of the most important and challenging issues in the IoT is the security and privacy due to several threats, cyber attacks, risks and vulnerabilities [41]. The issues that give rise to device level privacy are insufficient authorization and authentication, insecure software, firmware, web interface and poor transport layer encryption [42]. Security and privacy issues are very important parameters to develop confidence in IoT Systems with respect to various aspects [43]. Security mechanisms must be embedded at every layer of IoT architecture to prevent security threats and attacks [23]. Several protocols are developed and efficiently deployed on every layer of communication channel to ensure the security and privacy in IoT based systems [44, 45]. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) are one of the cryptographic protocols that are implemented between transport and application layer to provide security solutions in various IoT systems [44]. However, some IoT applications require different methods to ensure the security in communication between IoT devices. Besides this, if communication takes place using wireless technologies within the IoT system, it becomes more vulnerable to security risks. Therefore, certain methods should be deployed to detect malicious actions and for self healing or recovery. Privacy on the other hand is another important concern which allows users to feel secure and comfortable while using IoT solutions. Therefore, it is required to maintain the authorization and authentication over a secure network to establish the communication between trusted parties [46]. Another issue is the different privacy policies for different objects communicating within the IoT system. Therefore, each object should be able to verify the privacy policies of other objects in IoT system before transmitting the data.
Interoperability is the feasibility to exchange the information among different IoT devices and systems. This exchange of information does not rely on the deployed software and hardware. The interoperability issue arises due to the heterogeneous nature of different technology and solutions used for IoT development. The four interoperability levels are technical, semantic, syntactic and organizational [47]. Various functionalities are being provided by IoT systems to improve the interoperability that ensures communication between different objects in a heterogeneous environment. Additionally, it is possible to merge different IoT platforms based on their functionalities to provide various solutions for IoT users [48]. Considering interoperability an important issue, researchers approved several solutions that are also know as interoperability handling approaches [49]. These solutions could be adapaters/gateways based, virtual networks/overlay based, service oriented architecture based etc. Although interoperability handling approaches ease some pressure on IoT systems but there are still certain challenges remain with interoperability that could be a scope for future studies [25]. 2ff7e9595c
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